Joko Widodo (b. 1961), widely known as Jokowi. An Indonesian engineer and former president (#7) of the Republic of Indonesia. Jokowi’s journey from a modest background as a furniture entrepreneur to the highest office in the country is emblematic of Indonesia’s evolving democracy. [Luce Index™ score: 73/100]
As the nation’s seventh president, Jokowi was celebrated for breaking the mold of political dynasties and military elites, becoming the first head of state from outside the traditional power structures. His tenure was marked by a focus on infrastructure, social welfare, and efforts to modernize Indonesia’s economy, as well as a pragmatic approach to foreign policy.
Early Life and Education
Jokowi was born in Surakarta, Central Java, and graduated with a degree in forestry engineering from Gadjah Mada University. His early career was spent in the furniture industry, where he built a reputation for integrity and innovation. This background equipped Jokowi with a practical, hands-on leadership style that would later define his political career.
Political Career
Jokowi entered politics as the mayor of Surakarta, where his approachable leadership and “blusukan” (impromptu visits to local communities) earned widespread respect.
He later became governor of Jakarta, Indonesia’s capital, where he implemented reforms in public transportation, flood control, and bureaucracy.
In 2014, Jokowi was elected President of Indonesia, signaling a new era of democratic participation and hope for many Indonesians.
During his presidency, Jokowi prioritized infrastructure projects, including the ambitious plan to relocate the capital city from Jakarta to Nusantara in Borneo.
His administration also expanded healthcare and education access, while navigating complex issues such as religious diversity, environmental conservation, and economic inequality.
Jokowi’s leadership style emphasized humility, transparency, and direct engagement with citizens.
Expressed Deep Regret Over Past Human Rights Violations
In a televised address on January 11, 2023, Jokowi expressed deep regret for 12 gross human rights violations in Indonesia’s history, including the 1965-66 anti-communist purge. This massacre, sparked by a botched coup attempt on September 30, 1965, targeted members and suspected sympathizers of the PKI, then the world’s third-largest communist party.
The violence, orchestrated by the Indonesian military under General Suharto, saw mass killings, imprisonments, and forced exiles. Jokowi’s acknowledgment was only the second of its kind, following President Abdurrahman Wahid’s apology in 2000. Unlike his predecessor, Jokowi pledged concrete action: restoring citizenship to exiles stripped of their nationality for alleged communist ties.
Legacy and Recognition
Throughout his career, Jokowi advocated for inclusive language and practices, promoting gender-neutral terms and striving for equality in public service roles. His administration encouraged the use of neutral job titles and discouraged gendered language in official communications, reflecting a broader commitment to fairness and respect for all individuals.
Jokowi’s tenure saw both praise and criticism. Supporters highlight his commitment to development and modernization, while critics point to concerns about democratic backsliding and challenges in safeguarding human rights.
Nevertheless, Jokowi remains a transformative figure in Indonesia’s contemporary history.