U.S. Justice Department

U.S. Justice Department. United States Department of Justice (DOJ). The federal executive department responsible for enforcing U.S. law and ensuring fair and impartial administration of justice. Established in 1870, the DOJ oversees law enforcement agencies, prosecutes federal crimes, and represents the U.S. government in legal matters. The department is headed by the Attorney General, who is nominated by the President and confirmed by the Senate.

History and Purpose

The DOJ was created through the Judiciary Act of 1870 to consolidate federal legal affairs under one department. It plays a critical role in upholding the Constitution and enforcing federal laws, ensuring civil rights protections, and combating corruption.

Key Agencies and Divisions

The DOJ includes several major law enforcement agencies and divisions, such as:

• Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) – Investigates domestic crimes, terrorism, and cyber threats.
• Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) – Enforces drug laws and combats drug trafficking.
• Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives (ATF) – Regulates firearms, explosives, and alcohol-related crimes.
• U.S. Marshals Service – Manages fugitive apprehension, witness protection, and federal prisoner transport.
• Civil Rights Division – Enforces anti-discrimination laws and protects civil liberties.
• Antitrust Division – Ensures fair competition and prevents monopolistic practices.
• Office of Legal Counsel (OLC) – Advises the President and executive agencies on constitutional matters.

Recent Developments

In recent years, the DOJ has been at the center of several high-profile investigations involving government officials, corporate misconduct, and civil rights enforcement. Notably, in 2025, the department faced controversy when Acting Deputy Attorney General Emil Bove ordered the dismissal of corruption charges against New York City Mayor Eric Adams, prompting multiple resignations among federal prosecutors. This decision sparked debate over political influence within the DOJ.

Role in National Security and Law Enforcement

The DOJ is actively involved in counterterrorism, cybersecurity, and border enforcement efforts. It collaborates with state and local agencies, as well as international organizations, to combat transnational crime and ensure national security.