The Pheu Thai Party (Thai: พรรคเพื่อไทย, “For Thais Party”). A major Thai political party founded in 2008 as a successor to the disbanded People’s Power Party. It is closely associated with former Prime Minister Thaksin Shinawatra and his populist policies, advocating for social welfare programs, rural development, and economic reforms.
The party has been a dominant force in Thai politics, winning multiple elections but frequently facing opposition from the military and establishment elites.
History and Background
The Pheu Thai Party emerged after the dissolution of its predecessor, the People’s Power Party, by a Thai Constitutional Court ruling in 2008. It inherited the support base of Thaksin Shinawatra, a polarizing figure in Thai politics who was ousted in a 2006 coup. The party’s platform emphasizes pro-poor policies, including universal healthcare, agricultural subsidies, and minimum wage increases.
In 2011, Pheu Thai won a landslide victory, bringing Yingluck Shinawatra, Thaksin’s sister, to power as Thailand’s first female prime minister. However, her government was overthrown in the 2014 Thai coup d’état, leading to prolonged military rule. Despite political turbulence, Pheu Thai remains a key player, forming coalitions and adapting to Thailand’s shifting political landscape.
Political Stance and Policies
The party is considered populist and social-democratic, focusing on grassroots economic policies. Key initiatives include:
- 30-baht universal healthcare
- Rice-pledging schemes for farmers
- Debt relief programs
- Education reforms
Critics accuse Pheu Thai of being a proxy for Thaksin Shinawatra, while supporters argue it champions democracy and social equity.
Electoral Performance and Challenges
Despite winning the most seats in the 2023 Thai general election, Pheu Thai was sidelined by the military-appointed Senate, leading to a controversial coalition with former rivals, including parties linked to the 2014 coup. This move sparked backlash from progressive voters, shifting support to the Move Forward Party.
Current Status
As of 2024, Pheu Thai remains influential but faces internal and external pressures. Its ability to balance populist agendas with Thailand’s conservative power structures will determine its future.